Svedana is process of inducing perspiration or sweating through various therapeutic methods to eliminate toxins from the body, improve circulation, and relieve stiffness, heaviness, and coldness. It is an essential component of Purva Karma (preparatory procedures) in Panchakarma, aimed at loosening toxins and facilitating their expulsion during main detox therapies.

Types of Svedana:

Svedana is broadly classified into two types based on the method of application:

Sagni Sveda (Direct Heat Application): Heat is applied directly using fire or heat-generating devices.

Niragni Sveda (Indirect Heat Application): Heat is induced without direct fire, such as through blankets, exercise, or exposure to sunlight.

Methods of Svedana:

Tapa Sveda: Direct application of heat using heated objects.

Upanaha Sveda: Applying medicinal paste followed by bandaging.

Ushma Sveda: Steam therapy using medicated decoctions.

Drava Sveda: Application of warm liquids like herbal decoctions or oils.

Patra Potali Kizhi (Elakizhi):
Patra Potali Kizhi is a specialized form of Sagni Sveda where medicinal herbs are tied in cloth boluses (potali) and heated with herbal oils. It is commonly used for musculoskeletal disorders, arthritis, and stiffness.
Fresh medicinal leaves are chopped and mixed with grated coconut, lemon, and rock salt and the mixture is tied in a muslin cloth to form boluses and he boluses are heated in medicated oil.

Swedana is an important therapeutic technique in Ayurveda that involves the application of heat to the body to promote sweating and facilitate the removal of toxins. This process is designed to balance the body’s doshas (Vata, Pitta, and Kapha) and enhance overall health by improving circulation, detoxifying tissues, and promoting relaxation. Swedana is typically used after an Ayurvedic massage (Abhyanga) to open the channels and allow deeper cleansing. The treatment may be done using steam, herbal poultices, or saunas, depending on individual needs and the specific condition being addressed. Swedana not only supports detoxification but also helps in reducing stress, alleviating joint pain, and improving skin health, making it a vital part of Ayurvedic wellness programs.